Unix Timestamp: 1696204800
Monday, October 2. 2023, 12:00:00 AM UTC

Thousands of people gather at a mosque in Guinea's capital, Conakry, to identify those killed in Monday's opposition rally against military rule. //news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8287430.stm (BBC)

The International Olympic Committee awards the 2016 Summer Olympics and the 2016 Summer Paralympics to Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). The other bidding cities were Chicago (United States), Tokyo (Japan) and Madrid (Spain). //www.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUSTRE58S1H820091002 (Reuters)

The President of South Korea Roh Moo-hyun walks across the Korean Demilitarized Zone in travelling to Pyongyang for talks with North Korean leader Kim Jong Il. //news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7023079.stm (BBC) //edition.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/asiapcf/10/01/koreas.summit/index.html (CNN)

Aleksandër Moisiu University was open in Durrës, Albania.

Two schools in the Las Vegas Valley, Nevada, United States, are locked down, after a former student reportedly brought an AK-47 or other automatic weapons to school. (Wikinews) //www.kvbc.com/Global/story.asp?S=5484603 (KVBC)

Technology – Genome: The genome chip arrived with several companies rushing to sell the known human genes. The products will allow scientists to scan all genes in a human tissue sle at once to determine which are active, with lower cost and increased speed. //www.iht.com/articles/112288.html

European Union: The first bilateral meeting between France and Austria since 1998 is marked by disagreements over the European Constitution. Austria heads the group of small countries seeking to make changes to the text, but France wants to leave the draft by Valéry Giscard d'Estaing broadly untouched. //www.euobserver.com/index.phtml?sid=9aid=12888

Loomis Fargo Bank Robbery: The second largest cash robbery in U.S. history ($17.3 million, mostly in small bills) occurs at the Charlotte, North Carolina office of Wells Fargo. An FBI investigation eventually results in 24 convictions and the recovery of approximately 95% of the stolen cash.

One million men gather for Promise Keepers' Stand in the Gap event in Washington, DC.

British scientists Moira Bruce and John Collinge, with their colleagues, independently show that the new variant form of the Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is the same disease as Bovine spongiform encephalopathy.

A riot breaks out in the Carandiru Penitentiary in São Paulo, Brazil, resulting in the Carandiru Massacre.

Neil Kinnock is elected leader of the British Labour Party.

A blast at an explosives factory kills 6 in Beloeil, Quebec.

Denmark joins the European Community the Faroe Islands stay out.

NOAA Commissioned Officer Corps.

The Public Broadcasting Service begins broadcasting.

In Bolivia, Army Commander General Rogelio Miranda and a group of officers rebel and demand the resignation of President Alfredo Ovando Candía, who fires him.

National Weather Service of NOAA.

Bolivian President Alfredo Ovando Candía resigns General Rogelio Miranda takes over but resigns soon after.

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

U.S. President Richard Nixon's European tour ends.

In Lebanon, the government of Prime Minister Rashid Karami resigns.

The Wichita State University football team's Gold plane crashes in Colorado, killing most of the players. They were on their way (along with administrators and fans) to a game with Utah State University.

National Educational Television ends operations, being succeeded by PBS.

The Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) kidnaps James Cross in Montreal and demands release of all its imprisoned members. The next day the Canadian government announces it will not meet the demand, beginning Quebec's October Crisis.

French President Georges Pompidou visits the Soviet Union.

In Los Angeles, Rock and blues singer Janis Joplin dies in her hotel room, from an overdose of heroin.

A 1.2 megaton thermonuclear device is tested at Amchitka Island, Alaska. This test is code-named Project Milrow, the 11th test of the Operation Mandrel 1969–1970 underground nuclear test series. This test is known as a calibration shot to test if the island is fit for larger underground nuclear detonations.

Tlatelolco massacre: A student demonstration ends in bloodbath at La Plaza de las Tres Culturas in Tlatelolco, Mexico City, Mexico, 10 days before the inauguration of the 1968 Summer Olympics.

Twenty-three men and thirty-one women escape to West Berlin through a narrow tunnel under the Berlin Wall.

Elizabeth II and The Duke of Edinburgh begin an 8-day visit to Canada.

The Kinks release their first album, "The Kinks".

Los Angeles Dodgers left-handed pitcher Sandy Koufax sets a World Series record by striking out 15 New York Yankees in a 5-2 victory in Game 1 at Yankee Stadium. The Dodgers sweep the series in four straight, with Koufax defeating the Yankees 2-1 in Game 4 at Dodger Stadium.

Rod Serling's classic anthology series "The Twilight Zone" premieres on CBS.

Guinea declares itself independent from France.

David Lean's film "The Bridge on the River Kwai" opens in the UK.

Canada's AvroArrow is unveiled to the public.

Space Age ndash Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to orbit the earth.

The comedy sitcom "Leave It to Beaver" premieres on television.

"Alfred Hitchcock Presents" TV program debuts on the NBC-TV network in the United States.

Hurricane Hazel crosses over Haiti, killing 1,000.

Pre-Vietnam War: The Viet Minh takes control of North Vietnam.

New York Giants defeat the Cleveland Indians to win the 1954 World Series.

The comic strip "Peanuts" by Charles M. Schulz is first published in seven U.S. newspapers.

Communists take over in Bulgaria.

George Albert Smith becomes president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

Holocaust: Nazi troops end the Warsaw Uprising.

The British cruiser "Curaçao" collides with the liner ''Queen Mary'' off the coast of Donegal and sinks 338 drown.

WWII: Operation Typhoon begins as Germany launches an all-out offensive against Moscow.

October 3 ndash The Second Italo-Abyssinian War begins as General Emilio de Bono of Italy invades Ethiopia.

A tornado in Osaka and Kyoto kills 1,660, injures 5,400, and destroys the rice harvest.

Saint Josemaria Escriva founds Opus Dei.

Józef Piłsudski becomes prime minister of Poland.

London's first enclosed double-decker buses are introduced.

The Geneva Protocol is adopted by the League of Nations Assembly as a means to strengthen the League, but later fails to be ratified.

After two days of siege, Major Buckrucker and his men surrender.

President of the United States Woodrow Wilson suffers a serious stroke, rendering him an invalid through the end of his life - in 1924.

HMS "Dreadnought" is laid down, revolutionizing battleship design and triggering a naval arms race.

The first issue of the radical paper "Tocsin" is published.

In Washington, DC, the first International Conference of American States begins.

A plebiscite held in Rome supports, by 133,681 votes to 1,507, the annexation of the city by Italy.

American Civil War ndash Battle of Saltville: Union forces attack Saltville, Virginia but are defeated by Confederate troops.

Charles Darwin returns to England aboard with biological data he will later use to develop his theory of evolution.

Texas Revolution ndash Battle of Gonzales: Mexican soldiers attempt to disarm the people of Gonzales, Texas but encounter stiff resistance from a hastily assembled militia.

Thomas Wedgwood publishes an account of his experiments in photography, along with Humphry Davy. Since they have no means of fixing the image, their photographs quickly fade.

The English Parliament forbids pauper apprentices.

War ends between Sweden and Tripoli. The United States also negotiates peace, but war continues over the size of compensation.

Ludwig van Beethoven performs his "Moonlight Sonata" for the first time.

October ndash The French army enters Switzerland.

British forces capture the Ile d'Yeu off the coast of Brittany.ref name=CBH/

British forces capture the Ile d'Yeu off the coast of Brittany.ref name=CBH/

American Revolutionary War: In Tappan, New York, British spy John André is hanged by American forces.

Urga is founded (now Mongolia's capital).

11 ndash Sack of Wexford in Ireland: New Model Army massacre the Irish Catholic Confederation garrison.

Five Royal Schools in Ulster are given Royal Charter by King James I

Old Bushmills Distillery is founded in Bushmills, County Antrim, Ireland.

The first cheques are used in the Netherlands

Dutchlens maker Hans Lippershey demonstrates the first telescope in the Dutchparliament.

December ndash Jamestown: Christopher Newport returns to England carrying cargo with tryals of Pitch, Tarre, Glasse, Frankincense, Sope Ashes ...

Uniform Land-Tax Law is imposed in Korea.

In the Persian Gulf, the Ottoman Empire Red Sea Fleet attacks the Portuguese stronghold of Hormuz but fails to capture it.

King Edward VI of England founds 35 grammar schools by royal charter,ref name=Cassell's Chronology including ShrewsburyLeeds Grammar School is also established.

In Italy, Bartolomeo Eustachi completes his "Tabulae anatomicae", presenting his discoveries on the structure of the inner ear and heart, although, for fear of the Inquisition, it will not be published until 1714.

The Khanate of Kazanfalls to troops of Ivan IV of Russia.

Spain's Bartolomé de Las Casas publishes his attack on colonial practices in the "New World, A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies".

Jacques Cartier reaches the area (island) in the St. Lawrence River that eventually becomes Montreal, Quebec.

The Annals of Joseon Dynasty is begun.

End of Ottoman interregnum (after 1402). Mehmet I is the new sultan.

Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania sign the Union of Horodło

The University of St. Andrews is chartered by papal bull.

Yishiha builds a Buddhist temple at Tyr, Russia, and puts up a stele describing his expedition to the lower Amur

Caterina Visconti marries her first cousin, Gian Galeazzo Visconti, later Duke of Milan, at the Church of San Giovanni in Conca.

The last islands of Polynesia are discovered and inhabited.

The Hongwu Emperor purges the chancellor of China, Hu Weiyong, and abolishes that office as he imposes direct imperial rule over the six ministries of central government for the Ming Empire.

Sir William Walworth, a member of the Fishmongers Guild, becomes Lord Mayor of London for the second time.

Khan Tokhtamysh of the White Horde dethrones Khan Mamai of the Blue Horde. The two hordes unite to form the Golden Horde.

Karim Al-Makhdum arrives in Jolo and builds a Mosque.

3 November - Charles VI of France, who succeded his father, Charles V of France, in September is crowned.

The Companhia das Naus is founded by King Ferdinand I of Portugal.

Balliol College, Oxford is founded by John I de Balliol.

Based on Magdeburg Law, Żnin (Poland) is given city rights.

Hulagu Khan is defeated in an attempted invasion north of the Caucasus.

The Bonsignori firm gains the full market of the transfer of fiscal revenue from the papal estates to Rome. ref name=biografico

The doctrines of theologianJoachim of Fiore are condemned as heresy by the Roman Catholic Church at a synod in Arles.

The Savoy Palace is constructed in London by Count Peter II of Savoy.

Edward, heir to the throne of England, seizes "£"10,000 which had been deposited to the trust of the knights Templars in London by foreign merchants and English magnates.

Genoa captures the city of Chania on Crete from the Venetians.

Mindaugas, the only Christian king of Lithuania, is assassinated by his cousin Treniota.

Battle of Largs: an inclusive battle fought in Scotland, between kings Haakon IV of Norway and Alexander III of Scotland

King James I of Aragon conquers Crevillente, Spain from the Moors during the Reconquista.

Nahmanides, chief rabbi of Catalonia, defends the Talmud in an important disputation against Pablo Christiani before King James I of Aragon.

MayndashJuly ndash Battle of Settepozzi: a Venetian fleet defeats a superior Genoese-Byzantine fleet.

The chieftains of the eastern part of Iceland become the last to pledge fealty to the Norwegian king, bringing a more complete end to the Icelandic Commonwealth and the Icelandic civil war.

Alfonso X of Castile conquers Niebla over Ibn Mahfuz, thus terminating any Muslim presence in the western part of the peninsula.ref name=picard2000

King Athalaric dies of tuberculosis, age 18, having dissipated his youth in drink and debauchery. His mother, Amalasuntha, proposes to her cousin Theodahad, the kingdom's largest landowner and her father's last male heir, that he share the throne with her but that he will be king of the Ostrogoths in name only. Theodahad has secret conversations with the Byzantine ambassador and promises to turn over Tuscany in exchange for a large som of money, the rank of senator, and permission to live at Constantinople.

Arius preaches of the human nature of Jesus.

Lateran Synod: Donatism is declared a heresy.