The first reference to the
windmill in Europe is made by a Dean Herbert of
East Anglia, whose mills are supposedly in competition with the abbey of
Bury St Edmunds. This is probably an invention imported from interaction with the
Muslim world, since the first
windmills were most likely innovated from the Bana Musa brothers in the
Islamic Middle East during the middle 9th century. The
windmill will spread in the other direction, to be introduced to
China by as early as 1219.