Unix Timestamp: 1698537600
Sunday, October 29. 2023, 12:00:00 AM UTC

Mohamed Nasheed of the Maldivian Democratic Party is elected President of the Maldives in the country's first democratic election. //www.afp.com/english/news/stories/newsmlmmd.c9bf5c1d3cfda473783507fa803e06ce.51.html (AFP via Google)

ADC Flight 53, a Nigerian Boeing 737 airliner carrying more than 100 passengers, crashes near Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport, Abuja. The Sultan of Sokoto Mohammadu Maccido, the sultan's son, Muhammed Maccido, a senator, and Abdulrahman Shehu Shagari, son of former Nigerian President Shehu Shagari, are on the list of passengers on board. //cbs3.com/topstories/topstories_story_302082204.html (CBS), //www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/L29881419.htm (Reuters), //news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-10/29/content_5264649.htm (Xinhua) There are six confirmed survivors. //www.sabcnews.com/africa/west_africa/0,2172,137489,00.html (SABC), //edition.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/africa/10/29/nigeria.crash/ (CNN)

The Attorney-General of Israel delivers a brief to the Supreme Court of Israel arguing that the President of Israel Moshe Katsav should stand aside pending a possible indictment for rape. //www.nst.com.my/Current_News/nst/AfpNews/200610291754091162115649.52/afp (AFP via New Sunday Times)

Aviation Development Company Flight 53 crashes shortly after takeoff in Nigeria killing 96 people.

At least 61 people are killed and many others wounded in 3 powerful blasts in the Indian capital, Delhi (see 29 October 2005 Delhi bombings).

European heads of state sign in Rome the Treaty and Final Act, establishing the first European Constitution.

United Kingdom: British Conservative Party leader Iain Duncan Smith loses a vote of confidence in his parliamentary party by 90 votes to 75 and, in accordance with party rules, resigns from the leadership. A new leadership election is called. Shadow Deputy Prime Minister David Davis, previously tipped as a future leader, surprises Westminster by announcing that he will not seek the leadership and endorses former Home Secretary Michael Howard, who is now seen as the frontrunner to assume the leadership. Other leading politicians endorse Howard, once famously described by a colleague as having something of the night about him. //www.reuters.com/newsArticle.jhtml?type=worldNewsstoryID=3717328//interestalert.com/brand/siteia.shtml?Story=st/sn/10290004aaa01957.upiSys=siteiaFid=LATEBRKNType=NewsFilter=Late%20Breaking

Earth's magnetic field: The Earth's magnetosphere is hit by the recent solar flare causing a brief but intense geomagnetic storm, provoking unusual displays of Northern Lights. //www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/10/23/tech/main579650.shtml

The Canadian ministry of foreign affairs issues an advisory to Canadians born in Iraq, Iran, Syria, Libya, and Sudan warning them to consider carefully whether to go to the United States for any reason. This follows a US law requiring photos and fingerprints of Canadian citizens born in those countries upon entering the US, as well as the deportation to Syria of Maher Arar, a Canadian citizen. The American ambassador, Paul Cellucci, later assures the Canadian government that all Canadian passport holders will be treated equally however, further incidents attributed to racial profiling take place.

Hurricane Mitch makes landfall in Central America, killing an estimated 18,000 people.

Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraq says it will begin shooting down Lockheed U-2 surveillance planes being used by UNSCOM inspectors.

Sydney's third runway opens, ensuring protests about noise levels.

Francisco Martin Duran fires over 2 dozen shots at the White House he is later convicted of trying to kill President Bill Clinton.

Johan Heyns, an influential Afrikanertheologian and critic of apartheid, is assassinated.

George Foreman wins the WBA and IBF World Heavyweight Chionships by KO'ing Michael Moorer becoming the oldest heavyweight chion in history.

The Duke of Edinburgh attends a ceremony in Israel, where his late mother, Princess Alice of Battenberg (Princess Andrew of Greece), is honoured as Righteous among the Nations for sheltering Jewish families from the Nazis in Athens, during World War II.

American Eagle Flight 4184ATR 72 crashes in Roselawn, Indiana, after circling in icy weather, killing 64 passengers.

San Francisco: The first conference devoted entirely to the subject of the commercial potential of the World Wide Web opens. Featured speakers include Marc Andreessen of Netscape, Mark Graham of Pandora Systems, and Ken McCarthy of E-Media.

A letter by former U.S. President Ronald Reagan, announcing that he has Alzheimer's disease, is released.

The Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 is enacted in the UK. The whole of Part V, which covers collective trespass and nuisance on land, includes sections against raves, including the succession of repetitive beats definition.

A French magazine publishes photo of President François Mitterrand's secret daughter.

In Norway, the government headed by Prime Minister of NorwayJan P. Syse collapses.

Expo \'88 in Brisbane, Australia draws to a close. ! after a six month spectacular. ???

Pakistan's General Rahimuddin Khan resigns from his post as the governor of Sindh, following attempts by the President of Pakistan, Ghulam Ishaq Khan, to limit the vast powers Gen. Rahimuddin had accumulated.

Expo '88 in Brisbane, Australia draws to a close. ! after a six month spectacular. ???

Philip Morris buys Kraft Foods for US$13.1 billion.//search.boston.com/local/Search.do?s.sm.query=KRAFT+ACCEPTS+%2413B+BUYOUT+BY+PHILIP+MORRIS+s.tab=Kraft Accepts $13B Buyout by Philip Morris The Boston Globe. Accessed 2009-03-17. //www.webcitation.org/5gcv3WVnC Archived 2009-05-08.

A commuter train collision in Chicago kills 45, injures hundreds.

The Nishitetsu Lions baseball club, part of the NPB's Pacific League, is sold to the Fukuoka Baseball Corporation, a subsidiary of Nishi-Nippon Railroad. The team is renamed the Taiheiyo Club Lions.

The Black September group hijacks a Lufthansa Boeing 727 over Turkey, demanding the release of 3 comrades still held for the massacre of Israeli athletes at the Olympic Games.

November

U.S. President Richard Nixon approves legislation to increase Social Security spending by US$5.3 billion.

At a scientific meeting in Honolulu, Herbert Boyer and Stanley N. Cohen conceive the concept of recombinant DNA. They publish their results in November 1973 in PNAS. Separately in 1972, Paul Berg also recombines DNA in a test tube. Recombinant DNA technology has dramatically changed the field of biological sciences, especially biotechnology, and opened the door to genetically modified organisms.

Vietnam War ndash Vietnamization: The total number of American troops still in Vietnam drops to a record low of 196,700 (the lowest since January 1966).

The first message is sent over ARPANET, the forerunner of the internet.

A collection of irreplaceable gemstones, including the Star of India, is stolen from the American Museum of Natural History in New York City.

In Louisville, Kentucky, Cassius Clay (later Muhammad Ali) wins his first professional boxing match.

Soviet battleship \'\'Novorossiysk\'\' explodes at moorings in Sevastopol Bay, killing 608, the Soviet Union's worst naval disaster.

Holocaust: In the United Kingdom, leading clergymen and political figures hold a public meeting to register outrage over Nazi Germany's persecution of Jews.

November ndash In Cambodia the Khmer Issarak is formed to overthrow the French Army within the nation.

The Selective Service System lottery is held in Washington, D.C..

The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) begins radio in Canada.

The historic Uptown Theater opens in Washington D.C.

The BBC launches the world's first regular (then) high-definition television service.

The Martin Declaration is published, including Slovakia in the formation of the Czecho-Slovak state.

The Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen is granted independence from the Ottoman Empire by the Armistice of Mudros.

Wilhelmshaven mutiny of the German High Fleet.

World War I: Ottoman warships shell Russian Black Sea ports Russia, France, and Britain declare war on November 1–November 5.

British South Africa Company receives a Royal Charter.ref name=CBH/

November ndash The first free elections are held in Costa Rica.

"Judge" (U.S. magazine) is first published.

The Iberian Peninsula is struck by a category 2 hurricane.

Mount Hood (Oregon) is named after the British naval officer Samuel Hood by Lt. William E. Broughton, who spots the mountain near the mouth of the Willamette River.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's opera "Don Giovanni" (libretto by Lorenzo da Ponte) premieres in the Estates Theatre in Prague.

Battle of Freiberg: Prince Henry of Prussia, Frederick's brother, defeats the Austrian army of Marshal Serbelloni.

Fuller Baptist Church is founded in Kettering, England.

Michel le Tellier becomes chancellor of France.

Battle of Mbwila: Portuguese forces defeat and kill King António I of Kongo.

English adventurer, writer, and courtier Sir Walter Raleigh is beheaded for allegedly conspiring against James I of England.

The Durtnell (Dartnell) family of Brasted, Kent, England, begin to work as building contractors. They will still be functioning under the twelfth generation of the family in the 21st century.

Pope Innocent IX succeeds Pope Gregory XIV as the 230th pope.

Moroccan invaders sack Timbuktu.

The city of Hyderabad is founded by Quli Quub Shah.

The Rialto Bridge in Venice, designed by Antonio da Ponte, is completed.

Battle of Brustem: Charles the Bold defeats Liege.

The Ōnin War (1467ndash1477), which initiates the Sengoku Period in Japan, begins.

Third Siege of Krujë (1467): A few months after the failure of the second siege, Mehmed II led an army into Albania in 1467. Albanian victory.

Regent of SwedenErik Axelsson Tott supports the re-election of deposed Charles VIII of Sweden to the throne.

King Matthias Corvinus founds the first university in Slovakia, the "Universitas Istropolitana" in Bratislava.

Pope Paul II arrests and tortures some of the abbreviators, among them Filip Callimachus.

The polyalphabetic cipher is invented by Leone Battista Alberti (approximate date).

The French recapture Rouen from the English.

Second Battle of Homs: Mamluk sultan Qalawun defeats an invasion of Syria by MongolIlkhanAbaqa Khan.

Pope Martin IV authorizes a Crusade against the newly re-established Byzantine Empire in Constantinople French and Venetian expeditions set out toward Constantinople but are forced to turn back in the following year.

Guy of Dierre, count of Flanders, licenses the first Lombards merchants to open a changing business in his realm.

Pope Martin IV succeeds Pope Nicholas III as the 189th pope.

An offensive by the Byzantine Empire significantly reduces the size of the Kingdom of Albania, as it recaptures land seized from the Despotate of Epirus by Charles I of Sicily 10 years earlier.

July ndash Niccolò Bonsignori heads a hundred of Ghibelline exiles in a failed attempt to topple the Sienese government.

Osman I, founder of the Ottoman Empire, becomes "bey" of the Sögüt tribe in central Anatolia in 1299 he will declare independence from the Seljuk Turks, marking the birth of the Ottoman Empire.

Pope Clement IV dies the following papal election fails to choose a new pope for almost 3 years, precipitating the later creation of stringent rules governing the electoral procedures.

New election procedures for the election of the doge are established in Venice in order to reduce the influence of powerful individual families.

In France, the use of hops as the exclusive flavoring agent used in the manufacture of beer is made compulsory.

Conradin, the last legitimate male heir of the Hohenstaufen dynasty of Kings of Germany and Holy Roman Emperors, is executed along with his companion Frederick I, Margrave of Baden by Charles I of Sicily, a political rival and ally to the hostile Roman Catholic church.

In Slovakia, Guta is founded (currently Kolárovo).

King Stephen V of Hungary launches a war against Bulgaria.

The House of Bourbon first rises to prominence with the marriage of Robert, Count of Clermont to King Louis IX of France's daughter, Beatrice of Burgundy, heiress to the lordship of Bourbon.

The carnival in Venice is first recorded.

Nicola Pisano completes the famous octagonal Gothic-style pulpit at the Duomo di Siena.

The county of Wernigerode becomes a vassal state of the margrave of Brandenburg.

Estonians, Curonians and Karelians destroy Sigtuna and kill the archbishop.

Pope Gregory VIII issues the bull "Audita tremendi", proposing the Third Crusade.

Knut Eriksson builds a castle in the island of Stockholm.

Genoa takes Bonifacio (in Corsica) from Pisa.

Florence takes control of the neighboring city of Empoli.

Glanvill, an official of King Henry II, describes how villeins can be free (approximate date).

To finance the siege of Zara, the Doge of Venice grants the benefits of the revenue from the salt tax to a consortium of creditors. Pledging the income from the Salt Office becomes a staple of the city's finance.

Alexius Branas attempts to seize Constantinople in defiance of his master Isaac II Angelus.

A synod at Constantinople attempts to impinge on the pope's rights in Illyria. Proclus tries to implement the synod's decisions, and pope Sixtus III reminds the Illyrian bishops of their obligations to his vicar at Thessaloniki.

Ambrosius Aurelianus, leader of the Romano-British, defeats the Anglo Saxons under king Vortigern in the Battle of Wallop. He is given all the kingdoms of the western side of Britain (This according to "Historia Brittonum").

K\\\'inich Yax K\\\'uk\\\' Mo\\\' dies after a 11-year reign. He is the founder and first ruler of the pre-ColumbianMaya civilization centered at Copán (modern Honduras).

Valentinian III cements an alliance with the eastern emperor, Theodosius II, by marrying his daughter Licinia Eudoxia in Constantinople. This marks the reunion of two branches of the House of Theodosius.

Construction begins on the Arch of Constantine in Rome.

Constantine I promotes a policy of state sponsorship of Christianity, perhaps even becoming a Christian himself (see Constantine I and Christianity).

c. 312ndash315 ndash Constantine I Addresses the People in the Roman Forum, sculptural relief on the Arch of Constantine, Rome, is made.

Constantine I enters Rome, he stages a grand "adventus" in the city, and is met with popular jubilation. Maxentius' body is fished out of the Tiber and decapitated.

The Council of Carthage supports Donatism, which espouses a rigorous application and interpretation of the sacraments. These doctrines will be condemned by the Council of Arles.

Constantine I forged co-emperor Licinius to a alliance, and offers him his halfsister Constantia in marriage. The Praetorian Guard and Imperial Horse Guard ("equites singulares Augusti") are disbanded.

Constantine I adopt the words "in hoc signo vinces" as a motto and have the letters X and P (the first letters of the Greek word Christ) emblazoned on the shields of his Roman legions.