Unix Timestamp: 1689897600
Friday, July 21. 2023, 12:00:00 AM UTC

Space Shuttle Atlantis lands at the Kennedy Space Center, concluding its final mission and marking the end of the 30-year Space Shuttle program. //www.usatoday.com/tech/science/space/2011-07-21-shuttle-atlantis-landing_n.htm (USA TODAY), //www.cnn.com/2011/US/07/21/shuttle.landing/ ("CNN")

Space Shuttle Atlantis lands successfully at Kennedy Space Center after completing STS-135, concluding NASA's space shuttle program.ref name=landing times

Nepal's presidential election concludes with Ram Baran Yadav winning with a majority. //www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/2008-07/21/content_6863931.htm ("China Daily")

Fugitive Radovan Karadžić, indicted for war crimes by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, is arrested in Serbia. //news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7518543.stm (BBC News)

Radovan Karadžić, the first president of the Republika Srpska, is arrested in Belgrade, Serbia, on allegations of war crimes, following a 12-year-long manhunt.

NASA mission scientists raise concerns that ongoing prolonged Martian dust storms could disable the Mars Exploration Rovers. //www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/21/AR2007072100573.html (AP via the Washington Post)

The final book of the Harry Potter series, "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows", is released and sells over 11 million copies in the first 24 hours, becoming the fastest selling book in history.{{cite web|url=//www.iht.com/articles/2007/07/23/business/potter.php |title='Harry Potter' tale is fastest-selling book in history

Eleven support towers on Kinzua Bridge collapse after being hit by an F-1 tornado.

Telecommunications giant WorldCom files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection (the largest such filing in United States history).

August ndash The 2002 European floods ravage Central Europe.

A Sukhoi Su-27 fighter crashes at an air show in Ukraine, killing 77 and injuring more than 100, making it the worst air show disaster in history (see Sknyliv airshow disaster).

Helen Clark, leader of the New Zealand Labour Party, is re-elected in a landslide victory.

August 14 ndash DPC Enterprises Chlorine Release, Festus, Missouri (USA) //www.csb.gov/assets/document/DPC_Digest.pdf CBS

July 23 ndash G-8 Nations hold their 26th Annual Summit issues include AIDS, the 'digital divide', and halving world poverty by 2015.

On her 200th birthday, the fully restored USS Constitution (aka Old Ironsides) sets sail for the first time in 116 years.

The Saguenay Flood, one of Canada's most costly natural disasters, is caused by flooding on the Saguenay River in Quebec.

July 26 ndash Third Taiwan Strait Crisis: The People's Liberation Army fires missiles into the waters north of Taiwan.

July 26 ndash Third Taiwan Strait Crisis: The People's Liberation Army fires missiles into the waters north of Taiwan.

Serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer is arrested after the remains of 11 men and boys are found in his Milwaukee, Wisconsin, apartment. Police soon find out that he is involved in 6 more murders.

Boxer Mike Tyson is arrested and charged with the rape of Miss Black America contestant Desiree Washington 3 days earlier, in Indianapolis, Indiana.

Ian Baker-Finch wins the 1991 Open Chionship.

Giulio Andreotti takes office as Prime Minister of Italy.

The beginning of a total blockade of Armenia and NKAO by Azerbaijan.

Japan's ruling Liberal Democratic Party loses control of the House of Councillors, the LDP's worst electoral showing in 34 years, leading to Prime Minister Uno announcing he will resign to take responsibility for the result.

The lowest temperature on earth is recorded in Vostok Station, Antarctica with −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F).

The International Whaling Commission decides to end commercial whaling by 1985–1986.

Torrential rain and mudslides in Nagasaki, Japan destroy bridges and kill 299.

On a movie set, the "Twilight Zone" actor Vic Morrow and 2 child actors die in a helicopter stunt accident.

A coroner's jury returns a verdict of suicide on Roberto Calvi, who was found hanging under Blackfriars Bridge.

HMS \\\'\\\'Hermes\\\'\\\', the Royal Navyflagship during the Falklands War, returns home to Portsmouth to a hero's welcome.

HMS "Hermes", the Royal Navy flagship during the Falklands War, returns home to Portsmouth to a hero's welcome.

Tohui The Panda is born in Chapultepec Zoo in Mexico City, the first panda to ever be born and survive in captivity outside of China.

Süleyman Demirel, of AP forms the new government of Turkey (41st government a three party coalition, so called second national front ())

A bomb kills Christopher Ewart-Biggs, British ambassador to the Irish Republic.

The Philippines receives its second Miss Universe title, with Margarita Moran as the winner.

Said bin Taimur, Sultan of Muscat and Oman, is deposed in a palace coup by his son, Qaboos.

The Aswan High Dam in Egypt is completed.

Two CS gas canisters are thrown into the chamber of the British House of Commons.

The town of Winneconne, Wisconsin, announces secession from the United States because it is not included in the official maps and declares war. Secession is repealed the next day.

Race riots begin in Singapore between ethnic Chinese and Malays.

Mercury program: Gus Grissom, piloting the Mercury-Redstone 4 capsule "Liberty Bell 7", becomes the second American to go into space (sub-orbital). Upon splashdown, the hatch prematurely opens, and the capsule sinks (it is recovered in 1999).

Francis Chichester, English navigator and yachtsman, arrives at New York City aboard his yacht, "Gypsy Moth II", crossing the Atlantic Ocean solo in a new record of just forty days.

First Indochina War: The Geneva Conference sends French forces to the south, and Vietnamese forces to the north, of a ceasefire line, and calls for elections to decide the government for all of Vietnam by July 1956. Failure to abide by the terms of the agreement leads to the establishment de facto of regimes of North Vietnam and South Vietnam, and the Vietnam War.

A magnitude 7.5 earthquake (Richter scale) strikes Tehachapi, California, destroying unreinforced brick buildings.

General Mohammed Naguib leads The Free Officers (formed by Gamal Abdel Nasser – the real power behind the coup) in the overthrow of King Farouk of Egypt.

The European Coal and Steel Community is established.

An Irgun bomb explodes in Jerusalem because of secretive talks between Jews and Britain to consolidate the state of Israel.

WWII: President Harry S. Truman approves the order for atomic bombs to be used against Japan.ref name=nuclearfiles1940/

"United States v. Masaaki Kuwabara",56 F. Supp. 716 (N.D. Cal 1944) the only Japanese-American draft resistance case to be dismissed on a due process violation of the U.S. Constitution.

The Bretton Woods Conference ends with various agreements signed.

Battle of Guam: American troops land on Guam (the battle ends August 10).

The Polish Committee of National Liberation is created.

The Japanese establish a beachhead on the north coast of New Guinea in the Buna-Gona area a small Australian force begins a rearguard action on the Kokoda Track Caign.

The Estonian SSR, Latvian SSR and Lithuanian SSR are proclaimed in Moscow.

Éamon de Valera is elected President of the Executive Council (prime minister) of the Irish Free State by the Dáil (parliament).

United States Department of Veterans Affairs established.

Scopes Trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, high school biology teacher John T. Scopes is found guilty of teaching evolution in class and fined $100.

The dirigible "Wingfoot Air Express" catches fire over downtown Chicago. Two passengers, one aircrewman and 10 people on the ground are killed. However, two people parachute to the ground safely.//web.archive.org/web/20071213041636///www.chipublib.org/004chicago/disasters/dirigible_crash.html Chicago Public Library Archive

The SS \\\'\\\'Columbia\\\'\\\' sinks after colliding with the lumberschooner "San Pedro" off Shelter Cove, California, U.S.A., resulting in 88 deaths.

The SS "Columbia" sinks after colliding with the lumber schooner "San Pedro" off Shelter Cove, California, U.S.A., resulting in 88 deaths.

The Trans-Siberian railway is completed.

Fluminense Football Club is founded in Rio de Janeiro.

In Washington, D.C. in response to a call to confer issued by Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin to all women of color, the National Association of Colored Women's Clubs is organized.

At Adair, Iowa, Jesse James and the James-Younger Gang pull off the first successful train robbery in the American Old West (US$3,000 from the Rock Island Express).

August 26 ndash First ever photographs of Yellowstone National Park region taken by the photographer William Henry Jackson during the Hayden Geological Survey of 1871.

In the market square of Springfield, Missouri, Wild Bill Hickok shoots Dave Tutt dead in what is regarded as the first true western showdown.

American Civil War: First Battle of Bull Run: At Manassas Junction, Virginia, the first major battle of the war ends in a Confederate victory.

The Chlain and St. Lawrence Railroad opens between St. John and La Prairie, Quebec, the first steam-worked passenger railroad in British North America.

Battle of the Pyramids: Napoleon defeats Ottoman forces near the Pyramids.

Mungo Park reaches Ségou, the capital of the Bamana Empire.

Mozart\'s celebrated Haffner Serenade is first performed in Salzburg, Austria

Mozart's celebrated Haffner Serenade is first performed in Salzburg, Austria

Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774): Russia and the Ottoman Empire sign the Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji with Russian victory, ending six years of war. The treaty does give Russia the right to intervene in Ottoman politics to protect its Christian subjects.

Under the pressure of the Bourbon courts, Pope Clement XIV suppresses the Society of Jesus (brief "Dominus ac Redemptor").

September ndash Empress Go-Sakuramachi succeeds her brother Emperor Momozono on the throne of Japan.

Battle of Burkersdorf: In his last major battle, Frederick defeats Marshal Daun in Silesia.

The Treaty of Passarowitz is signed.

October ndash Stede Bonnet and his crew are captured near the mouth of the Cape Fear River and taken to Charleston, South Carolina, where they are tried for piracy. All but four of Bonnet's crew are found guilty and sentenced to death.

July ndash Cary's Rebellion: Lieutenant Governor Alexander Spottswood of Virginia dispatches a company of Royal marines to assist Governor Hyde. After hearing of this, Cary's troops abandon all of their fortifications along the Pamlico River. Cary and many of his supporters are soon caught and sent to England as prisoners, ending Cary's Rebellion.

July ndash Cary\'s Rebellion: Lieutenant Governor Alexander Spottswood of Virginia dispatches a company of Royal marines to assist Governor Hyde. After hearing of this, Cary's troops abandon all of their fortifications along the Pamlico River. Cary and many of his supporters are soon caught and sent to England as prisoners, ending Cary\'s Rebellion.

Pretender Dmitri is officially crowned Tsar Dmitri II.

A Spanish expedition led by navigator and explorer Álvaro de Mendaña de Neira makes the first European landing in Polynesia, on the Marquesas Islands.

Battle of Jemmingen: The main Spanish army of the Duke of Alva utterly defeats Louis of Nassau's invading army in the Northeastern Netherlands.

Iceland becomes fully Protestant.

The first book in Slovenian, "Abecedarium", written by Protestant reformer Primoz Trubar, is printed in Tübingen, Germany.

The discovery of silver at Zacatecas and Guanajuato in Mexico, and Potosí in Bolivia, stimulates silver rushes (approximate date).

Helsinki, later the capital of Finland, is founded by Gustav Vasa.

Altan Khan besieges Peking.

The Society of Jesus (Jesuits) is approved by Pope Julius III.

Nostradamus' first almanac is written.

John Dee finishes his studies at Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.

The first grammatical description of the French language is published by Louis Maigret.

Portuguese explorer Pedro Cabral returns to Lisbon from his expedition to Calicut (Nicolau Coelho having arrived on June 23).

July 22 ndash Battle of Nándorfehérvár (Belgrade): The Hungarians under John Hunyadi rout the Turkish army of Sultan Mehmed II. The noon bell ordered by Pope Callixtus III commemorates the victory throughout the Christian world (and hence is still rung).

Battle of Shrewsbury: King Henry IV of England defeats a rebel army led by Hotspur Percy, who is killed in the battle by an arrow in his face.

An earthquake and tsunami devastates Crete and Alexandria and affects Italy, Greece, and Palestine.//earthquake.usgs.gov/learning/today/his_07_21.php Earthquakes site.

r July 25 ndash Diocletian appoints his fellow-officer Maximian to the office of Caesar, or junior co-emperor.

Carausius, naval commander at Bononia (modern Boulogne), is given the task to clear the English Channel of Frankish and Saxon pirates.

Late summer ndash Diocletian defends the Danube against Sarmatian raids. He transfers his capital to Nicomedia (Turkey).

Maximian is sent to pacify Gaul. Here the Bagaudae, a band of peasants, revolt against the Roman Empire.

Seventy Bishops hold the Council of the Christian Church of Africa.

Pope Pontian succeeds Pope Urban I as the eighteenth pope.

Patriarch Castinus succeeds Patriarch Ciriacus I as Patriarch of Constantinople.