Unix Timestamp: 1190678400
Tuesday, September 25. 2007, 12:00:00 AM UTC

The Soyuz TMA-18 capsule carrying three members of the International Space Station lands safely in Kazakhstan. //news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/sci/2010-09/25/c_13528787.htm (Xinhua)

At the G-20 Pittsburgh summit, world leaders announce that the G-20 will assume greater leverage over the world economy, replacing the role of the G-8, in an effort to prevent another financial crisis like that in 2008.

Shenzhou 7, the third manned Chinese spaceflight and the first with three crew members, is successfully launched. China becomes the third country ever to conduct a spacewalk.

Dark flow, a new and unexplained cosmic phenomenon, is observed by astronomers for the first time. //www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/main.jhtml?view=DETAILSgrid=xml=/earth/2008/09/24/scispace124.xml ("The Daily Telegraph")

Pakistani and United States forces exchange fire on the Afghan-Pakistan border. //www.nytimes.com/2008/09/26/world/asia/26military.html ("The New York Times")

Remains of Dagmar of Denmark, the mother of the last Tsar of Russia, are transported from the Roskilde Cathedral to Saint Petersburg in order to be reburied in the Peter and Paul Cathedral on 28 September. //news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/5372956.stm (BBC)

Hurricane Jeanne makes landfall near Port Saint Lucie, Florida, near the location Hurricane Frances hit 2 weeks earlier. Jeanne kills over 3,030, mostly in Haiti.

Science – Space: Europe gets set for Moon mission. Rocket operators clear the Smart 1 probe to begin its lunar adventure on an Ariane 5 rocket from the Kourou spaceport in French Guiana. Smart 1 will test a novel type of propulsion system on its mission and map lunar surface features. //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3136004.stm

Natural disaster: An earthquake of magnitude 8.0 struck near the island of Hokkaidō in Japan at 19:50:07 (UTC). A tsunami was generated off the coast of Hokkaidō as a result of the quake and tsunami warnings have been issued for most of the Pacific Rim, including Japan, Russia's eastern coast, Alaska, and Hawaii. //earthquake.usgs.gov/recenteqsww/Quakes/uszdap.htm

Shariah: An Islamic appeals court in northern Nigeria has acquitted single mother Amina Lawal. A Shariah court had sentenced her to death by stoning for adultery, but a five-judge panel rejected her March 2002 conviction under Shariah saying she was not given le opportunity to defend herself. //web.amnesty.org/pages/nga-010902-background-eng//www.hrw.org/reports/2004/nigeria0904/5.htm

The Vitim event, a possible bolide impact, occurs in Siberia, Russia.

An air crash in Indonesia (likely caused by smoke rising from numerous forest fires in the area) kills 235 people (see Garuda Indonesia Flight 152).

Iraq disarmament crisis: UNSCOM inspector Dr. Diane Seaman catches several Iraqi men sneaking out the back door of an inspection site, with log books for the creation of prohibited bacteria and chemicals.

An earthquake strikes the Italian regions of Umbria and Marche, causing part of the Basilica of St. Francis at Assisi to collapse.

The last of the Magdalene Asylums is closed in Ireland.

In the Salvadoran Civil War, representatives of the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front reach an agreement with President of El SalvadorAlfredo Cristiani setting the stage for ending over 11 years of civil war.

Maze Prison escape: 38 Irish republican prisoners, armed with six handguns, hijack a prison meals lorry and smash their way out of HMP Maze, in the largest prison escape since World War II and in British history.

September 26 ndash Soviet military officer Stanislav Petrov averts a worldwide nuclear war by correctly identifying a missile attack warning as a false alarm.

In Israel, 400,000 marchers demand the resignation of Prime Minister Menachem Begin.

The Irish rock band U2 is formed after drummer Larry Mullen Jr. posts a note seeking members for a band on the notice board of his Dublin school.

Norwegian EC referendum, 1972: Norway rejects membership in the European Economic Community.

The Beatles release their "Abbey Road" album, receiving critical praise and enormous commercial success.

Organisation of the Islamic Conference founded.

"The Brady Bunch" premieres on ABC.

The "Tom Jerry" cartoon series makes its world broadcast premiere on CBS.

Three thousand student activists at University of California, Berkeley surround and block a police car from taking a CORE volunteer arrested for not showing his ID, when he violated a ban on outdoor activist card tables. This protest eventually explodes into the Berkeley Free Speech Movement.

The "Shinkansen" high-speed rail system is inaugurated in Japan, for the first sector between Tokyo and Osaka.

October – In "Photoplay" magazine, Hedda Hopper announces that Sophia Loren and Paul Newman will star in the film version of Arthur Miller's play "After the Fall", with Loren in the role that was written about Marilyn Monroe. The film was never made.

September – Pete Townshend of The Who destroys his first guitar in the name of auto-destructive art at the Railway Hotel, London.

The Mozambican War of Independence is launched by FRELIMO.

The Denning Report on the Profumo affair is published in Great Britain.

Sonny Liston and Floyd Patterson fight for the boxing world title.

The first official large unit action of the Vietnam War took place when two companies of the ARVN 23d Division were ambushed by a well-organized Vietcong force of several hundred identified as the 2d Liberation Battalion.

Typhoon Vera hits central Honshū, Japan, killing an estimated 5,098, injuring another 38,921, and leaving 1,533,000 homeless. Most of the victims and damage are centered in the Nagoya area.

Ceylon's prime minister S.W.R.D. Bandaranaike is assassinated.

The submarine Transatlantic telephone cable opens.

The Footscray Football Club wins their first Australian Football LeagueGrand Final.

Sino-Japanese War: Battle of Pingxingguan: The Communist Chinese National Revolutionary Army defeats the Japanese.

Paul Galvin and his brother Joseph incorporate the Galvin Manufacturing Corporation (now known as "Motorola").

A treaty signed by the League of Nations Slavery Commission abolished all types of slavery.

October 14 ndash WWI: Battle of Loos: British forces take the French town of Loos but with substantial casualties and are unable to press their advantage. This is the first time the British use poison gas in World War I and also their first large-scale use of 'New' or Kitchener's Army units.

The French Navy ship "Liberté" explodes at anchor in Toulon, France killing around 300 on both ship and the neighbouring area.

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints President Joseph F. Smith issues a "Second Manifesto" against polygamy.

In the British general election, the recently formed Labour Party gains two seats. Winston Churchill is also elected to Parliament for the first time.

Deadwood, South Dakotafire: Two-thousand people left homeless. Three hundred buildings destroyed. Total loss of property is estimated at $3 million.

Classes begin at Drury University.

October ndash Beginning of the Long Depression

The Phi Alpha Literary Society is founded.

September 27 ndash The first ever international cricket match is played in New York City, United States v Canadian Provinces.

General Hendrik Merkus de Kock lifts the siege of Jogjakarta, the first major action of the Java War.

Mission Santa Cruz is founded by Father Fermín Francisco de Lasuén, becoming the 12th mission in the California mission chain.

The United States Congress proposes a set of 12 amendments for ratification by the states. Ratification for 10 of these proposals is completed on December 5, 1791, creating the United States Bill of Rights.

Benedict Arnold flees to British-held New York.

American Revolution ndash Battle of Montreal: Patriot revolutionary forces under Maj. Ethan Allen attack Montreal, commanded by British General Guy Carleton. Allen's forces are defeated, and Allen himself is captured and held on British ships until he is later released.

October ndash The Sayre Plotters attempt to kidnap George III of the United Kingdom.

The only issue of "Publick Occurrences" is published in Boston, Massachusetts, before being suppressed by the colonial authorities.

Samuel Pepys has his first cup of tea (an event recorded in his diary).ref name=Pocket On This Day/

Polish–Swedish War (1625–1629): Sweden and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth sign the Truce of Altmark, ending the war in highly favourable terms for Sweden.

Battle of Stångebro: The Catholic King Sigismund of Sweden and Poland is defeated in his attempt to resume control of Sweden by the Protestant forces of his uncle, Charles Albert. Sigismund is deposed shortly thereafter.

Autumn ndash Second Dutch Expedition to Indonesia: After being separated from the main Dutch fleet of Admiral Wybrand Van Warwyck, three ships under Jacob Cornelisz. van Neck land on the island which they name Mauritius, after Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange, and sight the Dodo.

The Peace of Augsburg is signed between Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and the Lutheran Schmalkaldic League establishing the principle "Cuius regio, eius religio", that is, rulers within the Empire can choose the religion of their realm.

Vasco Núñez de Balboa, silent upon a peak in Darién, first sees what will become known as the Pacific Ocean.

Battle of Nicopolis: The Ottomans defeat a joint crusade by Hungary, France, the Holy Roman Empire, England and Wallacia, led by King Sigismund of Hungary. This is the last large-scale crusade of the Middle Ages.

On a voyage preaching the gospel, Saint Fermin of Plona is beheaded in Amiens, France.

Marcus Claudius Tacitus is proclaimed Emperor by the Senate, his half brother Marcus Annius Florianus becomes Praetorian Prefect.

Gaul is pillaged by the Franks and the Alemanni.

The Pallava dynasty begins in Southern India.