Unix Timestamp: 1033257600
Sunday, September 29. 2002, 12:00:00 AM UTC

The German Bundestag votes to approve the European Financial Stability Facility. //www.guardian.co.uk/business/2011/sep/28/germany-poised-to-vote-in-favour-european-financial-stability-facility?newsfeed=true ("The Guardian")

At least 40 people are killed as Typhoon Ketsana makes landfall on Vietnam. //www.ptinews.com/news/306116_Typhoon-Ketsana-kills-31-in-Vietnamofficials (Press Trust of India) //news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-09/29/content_12131817.htm (Xinhua)

An 8.3-magnitude earthquake triggers a tsunami near the Samoan Islands. Many communities and harbors in Samoa and American Samoa are destroyed, and at least 189 are killed.

An 8.3 magnitude earthquake strikes the Samoa Islands, triggering a tsunami that kills at least 20 in the nation of Samoa and another 14 in American Samoa. //www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSN2916050620090929 (Reuters) //news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8281616.stm (BBC)

The DOW loses 777 points, the biggest one-day point decline ever. The drop came after the House of Representatives voted down a $700 billion bank bailout plan.

Gol Flight 1907 (Boeing 737-800) collides with a business jet over the Amazon Rainforest, killing all 155 on board.

Lenovo recalls 526,000 Sony laptop batteries due to fire risk. //news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-09/29/content_5154338.htm (Xinhua)

Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 with 155 passengers onboard collides with a smaller jet in midair, 470 miles south of Manaus, Brazil. The Boeing 737-800 wreckage has been found by FAB near Peixoto de Azevedo //www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/N29226741.htm (Reuters) //g1.globo.com/Noticias/Brasil/0,,AA1291906-5598,00.html (G1 NEWS, Portugesse) //www.msnbc.msn.com/id/15067143/ (Associated Press)

The HiRISE camera on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter takes its first low-orbit, high-resolution pictures of Mars. //www.space.com/missionlaunches/060929_mars_upclose.html (Space.com) //hirise.lpl.arizona.edu/HiBlog (HiRISE team blog)

A tape of senior Al Qaeda figure Ayman al-Zawahiri is released in which he brands US President George W. Bush a lying failure over the war on terror. He goes on to condemn Pope Benedict XVI as an impostor for his recent controversial speech and labels Roman Catholicism a religion made of myths. //www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/meast/09/29/zawahiri.tape/index.html (CNN) //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/5393828.stm (BBC)

In Mojave, California, the first Ansari X-Prize flight takes place of SpaceShipOne, which is competing with a number of spacecraft (including Canada's Da Vinci Project, claimed to be its closest rival) and goes on to win the prize on October 4.

International relations: Former US Secretary of State, Madeleine Albright (commenting on European Union relations to the United States), says that current transatlantic relations are in a dangerous vicious circle. She states that the European Union is not a counterweight to American power in the world. She also states that there is an American "catch-22", and that America is criticized no matter which foreign policy it adopts. //www.euobserver.com/index.phtml?sid=9aid=12837

Hurricane Juan lands at Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, as a category 2 storm, killing 2 directly and 5 indirectly.

Terrorism: Pakistan dismisses and condemns al-Qaida terrorist network threat against President Pervez Musharraf, saying the war against terrorism will continue. Pakistan Foreign Ministry spokesman Masood Khan states (in Islamabad) Pakistan will not be deterred by such threats. The identity of the speaker on the audio tape or the authenticity of the tape has not been verified. The message was attributed to al-Qaida's second-ranking leader, Ayman al-Zawahri, and was aired on Al Jazeera and Al-Arabiya. //www.voanews.com/article.cfm?objectID=E6D30B0D-AFC3-4A1B-8688F94380F80B7A//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/3150050.stm//www.nzherald.co.nz/storydisplay.cfm?storyID=3526177thesection=newsthesubsection=world

The Long Keshprison in Northern Ireland is closed.

The Chamber of Deputies of Brazil votes to impeach President of Brazil Fernando Collor de Mello, the country's first democratically elected leader in 29 years. Vice President Itamar Franco becomes acting president.

In El Salvador, an army colonel of the Atlacatl Battalion is found guilty of the 1989 murder of six Jesuit priests and their housekeepers.

Nadine Gordimer, whose work was once suppressed because of its scatching criticism of Apartheid in South Africa, is awarded the 1991 Nobel Prize in Literature.

Haitian President Jean-Bertrand Aristide is removed from power.

Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton announces he will seek the 1992 Democratic nomination for President of the United States.

A tornado destroys parts of Itu, a city in southeastern Brazil, killing 16 and leaving 176 injured.

September 29–30 ndash The United NationsWorld Summit for Children draws more than 70 world leaders to United Nations Headquarters.

Washington, D.C.'s National Cathedral is finished.

Thousands riot in Algiers, Algeria against the National Liberation Front government by October 10 the army has killed and tortured about 500 people in crushing the riots.

"STS-26": NASA resumes space shuttle flights, grounded after the "Challenger" disaster, with Space Shuttle "Discovery".

Chilean presidentAugusto Pinochet is defeated in a national plebiscite that sought to renew his mandate.

In Omaha, Nebraska, in the only vice presidential debate of the 1988 U.S. presidential election, the Republican vice presidential nominee, Senator Dan Quayle of Indiana, insists he has as much experience in government as John F. Kennedy did when he sought the presidency in 1960. His Democratic opponent, Senator Lloyd Bentsen of Texas, replies, Senator, I served with Jack Kennedy. I knew Jack Kennedy. Jack Kennedy was a friend of mine. Senator, you're no Jack Kennedy.

Helmut Kohl replaces Helmut Schmidt as Chancellor of Germany through a Constructive Vote of No Confidence.

Sony launches the first consumer compact disc (CD) player (model CDP-101).

October 1 ndash The 1982 Chicago Tylenol murders occur when 7 people in the Chicago area die after ingesting capsules laced with potassium cyanide.

In Orlando, Florida, Walt Disney World opens the second largest theme park, EPCOT Center, to the public for the first time.

The "Washington Post" publishes Janet Cooke's story of Jimmy, an 8-year-old heroin addict (later proven to be fabricated).

Energy Research and Development Administration part of Department of Energy.

Pelé plays his final professional football game as a member of the New York Cosmos.

The modern Food St Program begins when the Food St Act of 1977 is enacted.

Alex Comfort's bestselling manual "The Joy of Sex" is published.

October – The government of former President of Somalia Mohamed Siad Barre formally introduces the Somali alphabet as Somalia's official writing script.Economist Intelligence Unit (Great Britain), "Middle East annual review", (1975), p.229

Sino-Japanese relations: Japan normalizes diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China after breaking official ties with the Republic of China (Taiwan).

The first publication reporting the production of a recombinant DNA molecule marks the birth of modern molecular biology methodology.Jackson, David A. Symons, Robert H. and Berg, Paul. (1972). //www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/69/10/2904 Biochemical Method for Inserting New Genetic Information into DNA of Simian Virus 40: Circular SV40 DNA Molecules Containing Lambda Phage Genes and the Galactose Operon of Escherichia coli. "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (U.S.)" "'69"'(10), 2904–2909.

A cyclone in the Bay of Bengal, in Orissa State in India, kills 10,000.

A referendum in Greece gives more power to the military junta.

The Canadian Alouette 1, the first satellite built outside the United States and the Soviet Union, is launched from Vandenberg AFB in California.

Kyshtym disaster occurs at a nuclear fuel reprocessing plant in Russia.

Laurence Olivier's "Hamlet" opens in the United States.

WWII: The Moscow Conference begins U.S. representative Averill Harriman and British representative Lord Beaverbrook meet with Soviet foreign minister Molotov to arrange urgent assistance for Russia.

Holocaust: the Nazi Germanextermination cKonzentrationslager Lublin (commonly known as Majdanek) opens in occupied Poland on the outskirts of the town Lublin. Between October 1941 and July 1944 at least 200,000 people were killed in the c.

New Zealand Division of the Royal Navy becomes the Royal New Zealand Navy

September 30 ndash Holocaust: Babi Yar massacre ndash German troops, assisted by Ukrainian police and local collaborators, killed 33,771 Jews of Kiev, Ukraine.

Gerald J. Cox, speaking at an American Water Works Association meeting, becomes the first person to publicly propose the fluoridation of public water supplies in the United States.

The London and North Eastern Railway's first A4 Class locomotive A4 2509 ''Silver Link'' makes her inaugural journey from London Kings Cross.

The London and North Eastern Railway commences the "Silver Jubilee", Britain's first streamline train service.

U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt dedicates Hoover Dam.

Stanley Matthews makes his England debut, beginning a record 23-year international career.

"Drums in the Night" ("Trommeln in der Nacht") becomes the first play by Bertolt Brecht to be staged, at the Munich Kammerspiele.

Bulgaria requests an armistice in WWI.

October ndash Mammy Lou becomes the oldest person to ever star in a film, at age 114.

Second Balkan War: A peace treaty is signed in Constantinople between the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Bulgaria.

Italy declares war on Ottoman Empire.

October ndash Frank Nelson Cole proves that 2sup67/sup-1 is composite by factoring it as 193,707,721 761,838,257,287 after trying every Sunday for 3 years.

Prussia becomes the first locality to require mandatory drivers licenses for operators of motor vehicles.

A consortium of flour mill operators in Minneapolis, Minnesota forms the Minneapolis, Sault Ste. Marie and Atlantic Railway as a means to get their product to the Great Lakes ports but avoid the high tariffs of Chicago.

Meeker Massacre: Nathan Meeker and others are killed in an uprising at the White River UteIndian Reservation in Colorado.

Prussian prime minister Otto von Bismarck delivers his "Blood and Iron" speech to the Prussian Landtag.

The Catholic hierarchy is re-established in England and Wales by Pope Pius IX and future Pope Pius X .

Three-year old Isabella II becomes Queen of Spain, under the regency of her mother, Maria Cristina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. Her uncle Don Carlos, Conde de Molina challenges her claim, beginning the First Carlist War.

Russo-Turkish War, 1828-1829: Varna is taken by the Russian army.

A truce is declared between Swedish and Russian troops in Finland it ends on October 19.

October ndash Some 7,000 women march from Paris to Versailles to demand action.

The U.S. Department of War establishes the nation's first regular army, with a strength of several hundred men.

A 7.4 magnitude earthquake strikes Antigua Guatemala, destroying much of the city and making authorities consider moving the capital of Guatemala to a different city.

December ndash Blackbeard teams up with Stede Bonnet but later takes his ship and demotes Bonnet to guest. The "Queen Anne's Revenge" and "Revenge" take several ships as prizes in the Caribbean. Blackbeard eventually adds 2 more ships to his party and sails north to the North American coast.

November ndash Crews on two ships commanded by Benjamin Hornigold and Edward Teach attack and capture the British-built French guineyman Concorde in the eastern Caribbean. Hornigold soon accepts a British amnesty for all pirates, but Teach rejects it and subsequently becomes known as Blackbeard.

Henry Robinson opens his "Office of Addresses and Encounters" (the first historically documented dating service) in Threadneedle Street, London.

The Swedish kingEric XIV is deposed by his half-brothers John and Charles. John proclaims himself king John III the next day.

The Second War of Religion begins in France when the Prince of Condé and Gaspard de Coligny fail in an attempt to capture King Charles IX and his mother at Meaux. The Huguenots do capture several cities (including Orleans), and march on Paris.

Eric XIV becomes king of Sweden upon the death of his father Gustav Vasa.

Christopher Columbus leaves Cadiz on his second voyage of exploration.

r October 1 ndash Eric of Pomerania, King of Sweden, Denmark and Norway is declared deposed in Sweden. Karl Knutsson Bonde continues to serve as Regent of Sweden.

The Ottomans capture the Vidin Empire, the only remaining independent Bulgarian state. Emperor Ivan Sratsimir of Vidin is taken prisoner and later disappears.

Richard II of England attempts to reassert authority over his kingdom by arresting members of a group of powerful barons known as the Lords Appellant.

Sretensky Monastery is founded in Moscow.

Thomas Arundel succeeds William Courtenay as Archbishop of Canterbury.

Temur Qutlugh is crowned as the Khan of Golden Horde with the help of general Edigu. Although, Edigu continues to hold the real power.

Establishment of the Università, a form of local government, in Malta.

Creation of the first hospital of al-Andalus, in Granada.

John Holland, Earl of Huntingdon is created Duke of Exeter by his half-brother Richard II of England.

Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery is founded in north-west Russia.

Thomas Holland, 3rd Earl of Kent, John's brother, is created Duke of Surrey by King Richard.

Constantine II becomes Emperor of Vidin after his father's imprisonment.

Anavema Reddy succeeds Anavota Reddy as ruler of the Reddy Dynasty in Andhra Pradesh (now part of southern India).

Rana Kshetra Singh succeeds Rana Hamir Singh as ruler of Mewar (now part of western India).

The Ava Dynasty establish rule in present-day northern Burma.

Battle of Auray: The Breton War of Succession ends with the victory of the House of Montfort over Charles of Blois.

The earliest known written copy of the "Avesta", a collection of ancient sacred PersianZoroastrian texts previously passed down orally, is produced.

An edict by Pope Nicholas III requires all Jews to attend conversion sermons.

The independence, boundaries, and political structure of Andorra are agreed to by the catalan Bishop of Urgell and the Count of Foix.

Peter III of Aragon takes the Muslim stronghold of Montesa putting an end to two years of Mudejar rebellion. The defeated Muslims are expelled from the realm and go into exile.ref name=negotiating

End of the so-called War of the Cow in what will become Wallonia (it had begun in 1275).

Giles of Lessines writes his "De usuris". He estimates that some credit contracts need not to be usurious as future things are not estimated to be of such value as those collected in the instant. The prevalence of this view in the usury debate allows for the development of the financial industry in Catholic Europe.

Rudolph I of Germany is elected King of Germany over rival candidate King Otakar II of Bohemia, ending the Interregnum Otakar refuses to acknowledge Rudolph as the new king, leading to the outbreak of war in 1276. Rudolph is the first of many Habsburgs to hold the throne.

Pope Benedict III succeeds Pope Leo IV as the 104th pope.

Anastasius is made anti-pope by Lothair.

Æthelwulf of Wessex grants churches in the kingdom of Wessex the right to receive tithes.

Severus, patriarch of Antioch, is deposed by a synod for his Monophysitism. Paul the Jew is appointed to replace him.

Winter ndash Leo I sends a letter to Valentinian III, stating by the Holy Spirit's inspiration the emperor needs no human instruction and is incapable of doctrinal error.

Leo I begins to formulate orthodoxy and condemns Eutychianism, an extreme form of monophysitism which holds that the human nature of Christ is absorbed by his divine nature.