Unix Timestamp: 992304000
Tuesday, June 12. 2001, 12:00:00 AM UTC

An extensive study concludes that several factors aligned to cause the extinction of wooly mammoths. //www.livescience.com/20894-woolly-mammoths-extinction.html (Live Science)

Ash clouds from the erupting Puyehue-Cordon Caulle in Chile disrupt and cancel international flights, leaving thousands stranded. //edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/asiapcf/06/12/australia.flights.canceled/ (CNN) //www.ft.com/cms/s/0/1110fbee-94f0-11e0-a648-00144feab49a.html ("Financial Times")

Arab Spring: Thousands of Syrians flee to Turkey as Syrian troops lay siege toJisr ash-Shugur.

Roza Otunbayeva, Kyrgyzstan's interim president, asks Russia to send troops to quell ethnic violence in the southern city of Osh. //www.lethbridgeherald.com/content/view/199332/112/ (AP via "Lethbridge Herald") //www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/jun/12/kyrgyzstan-russia-help-ethnic-riots ("The Guardian") //news.sky.com/skynews/Home/World-News/Kyrgyzstan-Appeals-For-Russian-Help-As-Ethnic-Fighting-Kills-At-Least-69-People/Article/201006215648290?lpos=World_News_Top_Stories_Header_3lid=ARTICLE_15648290_Kyrgyzstan_Appeals_For_Russian_Help_As_Ethnic_Fighting_Kills_At_Least_69_People (Sky News)

Irish voters go to the polls for the Twenty-eighth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland to enable ratification of the Treaty of Lisbon of the European Union. //www.rte.ie/news/2008/0612/eulisbon.html (RTÉ)

Ireland votes to reject the Treaty of Lisbon, in the only referendum to be held by a European Union member state on the treaty.

Albania signs a Stabilisation and Association Agreement, a first step toward joining the European Union. //web.archive.org/web/20060624031002///www.voanews.com/english/2006-06-12-voa18.cfm (VOA)

A 1.3 kg chondrite type meteorite strikes a house in Ellerslie, New Zealand, causing serious damage but no injuries.

A mass grave in Ulan Bator, Mongolia, dating back to the Stalinist purges in the 1930s, is discovered containing at least 575 victims. Ninety percent of the dead were found with the remains of yellow and red garments and religious items usually worn by Buddhist monks. The number could top 1,000, investigators said.

Centennial Celebration of Independence of the Philippines from Spain

The United States Department of the Treasury unveils a new $50 bill, meant to be more difficult to counterfeit.

In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, a panel of federal judges blocks a law against indecency on the internet. The panel says that the 1996 Communications Decency Act would infringe upon the free speech rights of adults.

Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman are murdered outside the Simpson home in Los Angeles, California. O.J. Simpson is later acquitted of the killings, but is held liable in a civil suit.

Boris Yeltsin is elected President of Russia, the largest and most populous of the 15 Soviet republics.

The Corcoran Gallery of Art removes Robert Mapplethorpe's gay photography exhibition.

During a visit to Berlin, Germany, U.S. President Ronald Reagan challenges Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev to tear down the Berlin Wall.

South Africa declares a nationwide state of emergency.

Fahd becomes King of Saudi Arabia upon the death of his brother, Khalid.

A rally against nuclear weapons draws 750,000 to New York City's Central Park. Jackson Browne, James Taylor, Bruce Springsteen, and Linda Ronstadt attend. An international convocation at The Cathedral of St. John the Divine features prominent peace activists from around the world and afterward participants march on Fifth Avenue to Central Park for the rally.

The 1982 FIFA World Cup begins in Spain.

Bryan Allen flies the man-powered Gossamer Albatross across the English Channel.

Serial killer David Berkowitz, the Son of Sam, is sentenced to 365 years in prison.

The Supremes perform its final concert together at Drury Lane in London, England and then disbands permanently.

N.D.F.L.O.A.G. guerrillas attack military garrisons at Izki and Nizwa in Oman.

The Yugoslav Army leaves Trieste, leaving the New Zealand Army in control.

Holocaust: On her 13th birthday, Anne Frank makes the first entry in her new diary.

WWII: 13,000 British and French troops surrender to Field MarshalErwin Rommel at St. Valery-en-Caux.

The National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum is officially dedicated in Cooperstown, New York.

June 18 ndash The Roma and Sinti peoples in Germany and Austria are rounded up, beaten up and jailed.

Senator Huey Long of Louisiana makes the longest speech on Senate record, taking 15½ hours and containing 150,000 words.//www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Huey_Long_Filibusters.htm U.S. Senate

Political parties are banned in Bulgaria.

The London Economic Conference is held.

Charlie Parker equals J.T. Hearne's record for the earliest date to reach 100 wickets.

Rondout Heist: Six men of the Egan's Rats gang rob a mail train in Rondout, Illinois the robbery is later found to have been an inside job.

William Walton's Façade was performed for the first time.

Polish–Soviet War: The Red Army retakes Kiev.

The United States Post Office Department rules that children may not be sent via parcel post.//www.on-this-day.com/onthisday/thedays/alldays/jun13.htm June 13 On-This-Day.com

Essad Pasha Toptani, nominal ruler of Albania, is assassinated by Avni Rustemi in Paris.

Grand Duke Michael of Russia is murdered, thereby becoming the first of the Romanovs to be murdered by the Bolsheviks.

The Sigma Alpha Iota International Music Fraternity is founded at the University of Michigan School of Music.

A tornado completely destroys the town of New Richmond, Wisconsin, killing 117 and injuring more than 200.

Philippine Declaration of Independence: General Emilio Aguinaldo declares the Philippines' independence from Spain.

British colonial officers Rand and Ayerst in Pune, Maharashtra, India are assassinated on their way back from a Government house party celebrating the diamond jubilee coronation anniversary of Queen Victoria, by the Chapekar brothers and Ranade, who are later caught and hanged. Considered the first martyrs to the cause of India's freedom from Britain. The film 22 June 1897 is based on the incident.

The world's first Fingerprint Bureau opens in Calcutta (now Kolkata), India, after the Council of the Governor General approves a committee report that fingerprints should be used for classification of criminal records.

Queen Victoria celebrates her Diamond Jubilee.

J.T. Hearne sets a record for the earliest date of taking 100 wickets. It is equalled by Charlie Parker in 1931.

In Michigan, the wooden steamer "Ryan" is lost near Thunder Bay Island.ref name=boats90/

The Armagh rail disaster near Armagh in Ireland kills 78.

King Ludwig II of Bavaria is captured.

The USS ''Jeannette'' is crushed in an Arctic Ocean ice pack.

July 12 ndash The Congress of Berlin convenes to discuss the Ottoman Empire.

American Civil War ndash Battle of Cold Harbor: General Ulysses S. Grant pulls his troops from their positions at Cold Harbor, Virginia and moves south.

The Arts Club ndash was founded by Charles Dickens, Frederic Leighton and others in Hanover Square, London.

John Winter Robinson, the Secretary of State of Kansas, is convicted and removed from office as the result of a bond scandal, becoming the first state executive official to be impeached and removed from office in American history.

Taiping Rebellion: Taiping forces enter Hunan.

Finnish War: A landing of Swedish troops at Ala-Lemu, near Turku, fails.

American Revolution: Virginia Declaration of Rights by George Mason adopted by the Virginia Convention of Delegates.

Seven Years' War ndash French and Indian War: Siege of Louisbourg: James Wolfe's attack at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia commences.

The Rye House Plot to assassinate Charles II of England is discovered.

The Indian coalition attacks Hadley, Massachusetts, but are repelled by Connecticut troops.

French forces under king Louis XIV cross the Rhine into the Netherlands. The city of Utrecht is occupied by the French Army.

England installs a municipal government in New York City (the former Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam).

13 ndash First Anglo-Dutch War ndash Battle of the Gabbard: The English navy defeats the Dutch fleet, which loses 17 ships.

Pocahontas (now Rebecca) arrives in England, with her husband, John Rolfe, their infant son, Thomas Rolfe, her half-sister Matachanna (alias Cleopatra) and brother-in-law Tomocomo, the shaman also known as Uttamatomakkin. Ten Powhatan Indians are brought by Sir Thomas Dale, the colonial governor, at the request of the Virginia Company, as a fund-raising stunt. Dale, having been recalled under criticism, writes "A True Relation of the State of Virginia, Left by Sir Thomas Dale, Knight, in May last, 1616" in a successful effort to redeem his leadership. Neither Pocahontas or Dale see Virginia again.

Battle of Okehazama: Oda Nobunaga defeats Imagawa Yoshimoto.

Vlad II Dracul is temporarily replaced as ruler of Wallachia by his son Mircea.

Battle of Sibiu: John Hunyadi defeats an Ottoman army of 80,000 strong, led by Mezid the Bey of Vidin, near Sibiu.

A fourth tower is added to Liverpool Castle.

Alfonso of Aragon is crowned at Naples.

The community of Rauma, Finland is granted its town rights.

The municipality of Juva, Finland was founded.

Peasants\\\\\' Revolt: In England, rebels from Kent and Essex, led by Wat Tyler and Jack Straw, meet at Blackheath. There the rebels are encouraged by a sermon, by renegade priest John Ball.

Rakvere, Estonia, receives Lübeck city rights.

The city of Alkmaar obtains city rights from the count of Holland, William II.

Liutprand succeeds his father Ansprand as king of the Lombards.

Emperor Xuanzong of Tang China succeeds Emperor Ruizong of Tang China as emperor of China. Princess Taiping's coup fails.

The "Kojiki", a history of Japan, is completed.